Felicity Thomas is Associate Editorial Director of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Technology Europe, BioPharm International.

Felicity Thomas

Dissolution testing is an integral part of pharmaceutical development, providing drug companies with the analytical ability to determine the efficacy, bioequivalence, and bioavailability of the active drug substance, as well as control quality, stability, and consistency of the final drug product. “Dissolution is a very controlled, very precise, and required sample preparation technique,” specified Dan Spisak, marketing manager for the Dissolution Division at Agilent Technologies, during an interview with 

 at the opening of the company’s Dissolution Centre of Excellence (CoE) facility in Craven Arms, United Kingdom (see article 

Agilent Sets Up Dissolution Testing Hub in UK

). “The dissolution test is not going away; it is a required test in the pharmaceutical industry. Everyone making pharmaceutical products needs to run dissolution tests on their products prior to release.”

Thanks to a variety of market drivers, dissolution testing is, in some respects, undergoing change. Some of the expansion and refresh of instrumentation within the area of dissolution testing is being seen as a result of reshoring, a trend that has picked up over the past few years, Spisak stated. “This reshoring helps protect companies from unexpected issues—like pandemics—that could affect critical parts of the supply chain and drug release process,” he said.

But the generics sector is driving the bulk of growth in the field, Spisak stressed. “The lower-cost generics increase the level of healthcare to address the needs of the growing ageing population, especially in emerging markets,” he noted.

However, there is also a shift in focus to more novel and personalized dosage forms that is happening within the bio/pharma industry, requiring modifications to many different areas of drug development and manufacturing, including dissolution testing, Spisak added. “For that reason, it is becoming necessary to modify the capabilities of what can be done [in dissolution testing],” he said.

A prime example of how instrumentation is being updated could be seen within the modernized CoE facility (

), which incorporates multiple systems that have been designed to work with novel formulations, such as nanoparticles. Novel formulations can pose challenges when using standard apparatus; nanoparticles, for example, are not necessarily sufficiently separated from the dissolution medium with standard techniques. Therefore, modification of the instrumentation, such as that found in Agilent’s NanoDis system, is required to ensure an accurate prediction of 

 performance of the drug product can be made.

Dissolution lab at the new Agilent Dissolution Centre of Excellence in the UK. 

[FIGURE COURTESY OF AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES.]

Additionally, in instances where medical device companies need to perform dissolution testing, challenges can be encountered as a result of a lack of knowledge about the sample preparation technique—such companies can be unfamiliar with dissolution—Spisak continued. “We often encounter ‘homemade’ devices being used in the laboratory which can be very labour-intensive and difficult to transition into a quality control environment,” he stated. “Agilent has developed the 400-DS model specifically for these types of products. This instrument complies with United States Pharmacopeia and is ideal for products delivering small amounts of drug over weeks or even months, such as drug-coated stents or implants.”

Looking at the overarching dissolution environment, there is the obvious trend of automation, Spisak noted. In a dissolution lab, there are typically entry-level chemists at work, and so, automating processes can ensure that potential errors are avoided, he explained.

A primary aim for Agilent Technologies is to create a digital lab, free of paper and pens and, ultimately, easier to use while also limiting errors, Spisak asserted. “Then, on the back end, for the lab in general, there are data and traceability for all the actions performed,” he said. “So, when it comes to data integrity and compliance, when the lab gets audited for example, everything is readily available.”

Another facet to consider is the efficiency that automation can offer; although, this aspect is certainly not unique to dissolution, emphasized Tom Van de Goor, director R&D, Agilent Technologies during the interview. “It’s not that each business needs to invent the wheel again, but to build upon the infrastructure and automate the workflows already available,” he said. “This work is something that Agilent feels is very important because not only are customers asking for it, but if a company is not participating in automating processes, then at some point in time they will be left behind.”

Engagement with customers on a virtual platform has certainly become more acceptable in recent times, perhaps a change that has been accelerated as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant necessity to continue operations in a virtual capacity. What virtual opportunities allow is for instantaneous connection, not just for sales, but also in instances where issues may arise and an expert can help to troubleshoot, explained Spisak.

“Even before COVID, Agilent had a very strong initiative to offer remote training and knowledge sharing,” said Steve O’Donohue, director of Agilent Technology’s Craven Arms site, during the interview. Through using a video room and virtual communication platforms, it is possible to improve efficiencies and share knowledge with the customer base, he stated.

“COVID has been a world leveller,” asserted O’Donohue. There was so much innovation being driven within Europe to tackle COVID that the region was able to advance forward in the ‘driving seat’, which has possibly left the region in a better place than some others to continue that momentum, Steve added.

“The pandemic was a driver for developments that would have taken much longer normally,” added Van de Goor. “New tools have come into play; in some areas, virtual reality is being used for demos or there are maybe more configurators for instrumentation. So, these things were more or less born in this time; although, they were probably in the planning already for a longer period of time but were accelerated because those were the tools needed to continue interacting with customers. A very positive outcome of this pandemic has been the acceleration of this whole digital transformation of how we work.”

Felicity Thomas is the European/senior editor for Pharmaceutical Technology Group.


Vol. 34, No. 12
December 2022
Pages: 27–29

When referring to this article, please cite it as F. Thomas, “Building Up to a Bright Future,” 

Articles

Dissolution testing is experiencing a refresh thanks to a variety of market drivers.

Building Up to a Bright Future

The festive time of year is fast approaching once again when many of us will be enjoying a period of being cosy indoors and, perhaps, over-indulging on rich, delicious food. For those with younger members of the family too, it can be a time where there is eager anticipation for a rather rotund—some might say obese—gentleman to pay a visit, via the chimney, to deliver gifts.

Leaving the presents in the very capable hands of Santa, Big Pharma have their eyes set on a different prize, namely the anti-obesity drug market. According to research from Morgan Stanley, anti-obesity drugs may offer companies the next blockbuster opportunity, with the weight-management medicines market forecasted to reach a value of US$54 billion (€52.1 billion) over the next 10 years (1).

Despite obesity being recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a chronic disease back in 1997 (2), it wasn’t until 2013 when the American Medical Association officially classed obesity as a disease (3), and even later still, in June 2021, when the European Commission followed suit (4). As a result of the differing stances on obesity over recent years, there has been a lack of harmonization from the part of policy makers and researchers.

However, the tides are changing and as the medical understanding of obesity broadens around the world, so too have research efforts. A key player in the arena is Novo Nordisk, who gained regulatory wins for its new generation weight loss drug, Wegovy (semaglutide), in 2021 (5). Closely following Novo’s tailwinds is Eli Lilly with Mounjaro (tirzepatide), which recently received fast-track designation from the US Food and Drug Administration (6). Both these products are glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist drugs that target the patient’s appetite regulation in the brain.

As other big companies also start to ‘weigh’ in on the anti-obesity field, such as Pfizer and AstraZeneca, in addition to other smaller biotechs, the market projections seem to be well-founded and likely to come to fruition. Perhaps by 2030, Santa will no longer be getting stuck up the chimney and instead will be enjoying a slimmer frame.

1. Morgan Stanley, “Why Obesity Drugs May be a New Blockbuster Pharma Category,” Research, 19 Aug. 2022.
2. WHO, 

Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic

, Report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity (Geneva, Switzerland, 3–5 June 1997), 

, 19 June 1998.
3. A. Pollack, “A.M.A. Recognizes Obesity as a Disease,” 

, 9 (7) 418 (2021).
5. Novo Nordisk, “Wegovy Recommended for Approval for the Treatment of Obesity by the European Regulatory Authorities,” Press Release, 11 Nov. 2021.
6. Eli Lilly, “Lilly Receives US FDA Fast Track designation for Tirzepatide for the Treatment of Adults with Obesity, or Overweight with Weight-Related Comorbidities,” Press Release, 6 Oct. 2022.

When referring to this article, please cite it as F. Thomas, “The Next Blockbuster,” 

Anti-obesity drugs have the potential to be the next blockbusters, according to market analysis.

The Next Blockbuster

Particle engineering is a tool that has been employed within the pharmaceutical industry for some time as a way of manipulating the properties of particles to aid in effective delivery of drugs. “Particle engineering, in essence, is not a recent phenomenon,” confirms Peter York, chairman and chief scientist, CrystecPharma. “The idea of ‘particle engineering’ originates from many centuries ago in early Greek, Egyptian, and Roman times as well as later with the apothecaries in the Middle Ages who would use mortar and pestles to grind and blend their ‘concoctions’ to generate fine powders, generally botanical and mineral substances, for preparing their various medicines.”

Putting it in layman’s terms, Salvatore Mercuri, associate director, NPI & MSAT, Lonza Small Molecules, remarks that particle engineering is a means of reducing the particle size of a drug substance so that the surface area can be increased. “Now, the reason for reducing the size can vary depending on the target drug product profile,” he says. “Among those reasons can be to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of a small molecule, bring it down to a specific size to optimize it for a delivery format like a dry powder inhaler or improve content uniformity.”

Controlling the properties of drug particles for the purposes of delivery was established in the mid 20th century, York continues, when products such as metered dose inhalers and dry-powder inhalers were introduced. “Here, the key requirement was to produce formulations containing micron-sized drug particles, or which generated liquid aerosol droplets of similar size, which are required to deposit a drug for localized treatment in the lungs,” he notes. “Similar concern for particle size control, as well as the different dissolution characteristics of crystalline and amorphous forms, had already been recognized at this time for the range of insulin injection products to achieve effective treatment over different time periods for diabetic patients.”

In concurrence, Michael Morgen, R&D director, Lonza Small Molecules, stresses the importance of remembering the wide variety of activities that are incorporated in particle engineering. “[Particle engineering] is a broad and varied set of capabilities for drug development used to solve some of the more difficult problems,” he says. “This makes it a valuable toolbox of solutions for a pharma company or CDMO [contract development and manufacturing organization] to have.”

“From a high-level perspective,” Morgen continues, “[particle engineering] is an enabling capability to control the size, morphology, composition, [and] activity of particles to address various drug delivery challenges. Among other things, one potential goal is to control particle size and morphology to control 

 distribution (such as to the lung) or control dissolution rate. Another is to control the drug activity, as seen in spray dried dispersions.”

Even more recently, York points out that the goal of particle engineering has broadened further so that developers can deal with challenging chemicals. “The concept of engineering drug particles has catalyzed the evolution of alternative strategies, new technologies and analytical methods,” he says.

The introduction of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) was pivotal to particle engineering as it provided recognition of the two key properties of drugs that were dominating bioperformance, explains York. “This classification emerged from the growing awareness of the increasing frequency of poor aqueous solubility of the majority of new drug substances, many also exhibiting poor oral absorption profiles,” he says.

“The reduction of particle size of these drugs has, in many cases, aided the formation of effective, efficacious, and quality medicines,” York adds. “Within this field other important aspects of the properties of challenging drug substances have been recognized, such as variety in the solid-state properties (e.g., polymorphism, crystallinity, bioavailability) issues and drug targeting, as well as dealing with the increasing number of biotherapeutic agents.”

Building an understanding of the impact of particle properties and process variables on critical quality attributes of a drug product can be challenging, asserts Mercuri. “This understanding is important in characterizing the mechanical, physical, and/or chemical events taking place during particle formation,” he notes. “However, identifying the optimal processes for a specific API by experimentation can be very costly and time consuming. Especially for small- and mid-sized pharmaceutical companies with limited resources, these inefficiencies can be a huge setback in their commercialization strategy.”

When dealing with advanced drug delivery applications, a balance between two things needs to be made, Morgen specifies. “First, you must achieve the desired 

 bioperformance by using the right particle architecture and formulation compositions, which may be very difficult to design. Then, the formulation must also meet the required stability and manufacturability required for a commercial drug product, including scalability,” he explains. “Balancing performance, manufacturability, and stability is not always easy—but doable with the right subject matter experts and facilities.”

“The two most commonly used particle engineering platforms are micronization and amorphous solid dispersion (ASD),” emphasizes Mercuri. “Choosing the right technology will be determined by the API and the target drug product profile.”

ASDs find particular use in enhancing bioavailability and solubility of oral small-molecule drugs, states Morgen. This bioavailability and solubility enhancement is achieved through the conversion of the crystalline drug to the amorphous form using spray drying or hot-melt extrusion, he reveals.

“Amorphous drugs can provide [approximately] 2–100-fold higher dissolved drug levels than the crystalline solubility due to its higher free energy, making it a technology of choice for many compounds,” Morgen asserts. “Recent advances in ASD formulation architecture, such as Lonza’s high loaded dosage forms, reduce dosage form burden of ASD drug products, making them easier for patients to take.”

However, there are challenges associated with this approach, including the prevalence of high-melting point ‘brick dust’ compounds, Morgen warns. “[These compounds] require novel process approaches for formulating as ASDs by solvent-based or thermal processes,” he explains. “A number of recent process innovations have been devised for spray drying these compounds, including heated solvents and processing aids.”

Micronization is well-known and has an established track record, confirms Mercuri. “The process involves using a jet mill to reduce the particle size of APIs down to a few micrometers, thus improving solubility, dissolution rate, or processing,” he says.

The manufacturing process is required for dry powder inhaler applications, which has specific size requirements to enable drug delivery to the lungs and central airways, Mercuri adds. Beyond inhalation applications, micronization also finds use in other types of treatments. “Furthermore, it is highly flexible, can be easily scaled up, is good for substances with poor thermal stability and is easily applicable to different chemical properties,” Mercuri notes.

“A particular challenge [with micronization] is that the properties of the micronized material are different from those of non-micronized material; the increased surface area can result in poor flow and cause electrostatic charge to build up,” Mercuri specifies. “Inadequate flow can cause handling problems in downstream processes, which means that excipients (such as glidants, binders, and lubricants) may be required to improve flow properties. Material can also become more hygroscopic, so storage conditions may require humidity control. To solve these challenges, it’s important to optimize working conditions with critical process parameters.”

In addition to the issues of static, aggregation, and poor flow of materials, York also notes that changes in crystallinity of the drug, batch-to-batch variation, and loss of materials are also frequent occurrences with the ‘top down’ approach of micronization. “Over the last couple of decades, these limiting factors have generated interest in both deeper understanding of the solid state of pharmaceutical materials, drugs, and excipients, and alternative approaches to size reduction,” he says.

“The important technologies that have emerged to date operate on a ‘bottom up’ principle, where the final particle is prepared from a solution feed—essentially drying operations. These processes include spray drying, freeze drying, supercritical fluid (SCF) antisolvent precipitation, and more recently, other approaches have been introduced such as spray freezing, homogenization, liposome structures, the formation of co-crystals, as well as a number of technologies generating nanoparticles,” York asserts. “With an increasing number of biopharmaceuticals being introduced as therapeutic agents requiring particle engineering to achieve particulates suitable for drug delivery, suitable adaptions to existing processes have been made and other approaches introduced such as microfluidics.”

York singles out SCF antisolvent technologies as an approach that has proved successful for CrystecPharma in delivering engineered particles. He states that the process, which is controllable and ‘tunable’, enables the production of particles with the desired physicochemical and biopharmaceutical characteristics at high yield in a single-step scalable process. “The process can operate successfully for both biopharmaceuticals and organic chemical entities,” York says. “In addition, preparing composite particles containing drug(s) and functional excipients provide opportunities for ‘in-particle design’ with uniform particle composition.”

Additionally, as the awareness of the importance of particle engineering in drug delivery has grown, the understanding of the solid state of pharmaceuticals has deepened, York continues. “It is now important for full characterization of polymorphic/solvate/hydrate states, levels of amorphous content, and methods to control these characteristics to be understood to meet regulatory requirements in this field,” he emphasizes.

For York, the opportunity for ‘in-particle design’ is an exciting development in particle engineering as it extends the drug delivery prospects across a range of solid drug products and routes of delivery. “For example, it is possible to consider the assembly of the ‘designer’ particles in an appropriate package, such as a hard capsule, as the final product. Reduced complexity in formulation and manufacture coupled with reduced costs,” he says. “New thinking in particle engineering, underpinned by an increasing flow of knowledge on the solid state of pharmaceutical materials, will continue to address current and emerging challenges in formulation and drug delivery.”

A recent development has been the study of the internal structure of solid dosage forms containing assemblies of drug particles and formulation excipients, and engineered particles, York continues. “Recent studies using high energy X-ray beams in Synchrotron facilities and advanced computational procedures have provided comprehensive visualization of the internal architecture of various solid dosage forms, together with corresponding chemical profiles of constituents,” he says. “This approach, termed Structure Pharmaceutics, has revealed that the supposed uniformity ‘beneath the surface’ is, in many cases, not the observed situation.”

So, through this novel approach, it has been possible to identify different mechanisms and rates of drug dissolution at different locations in tablets, York explains. “For coated products and matrix-based controlled release products, alternative dissolution patterns have been observed within and between individual solid dose units from the same manufactured batch. It is clear that information from these ‘under surface’ studies will provide useful insight for the design of future, optimized solid dosage forms as well as guiding the design of engineered particles,” he specifies.

“Although [particle engineering] is an established technique, there are always opportunities for innovation,” asserts Mercuri. “Advances in computing power may help us develop more accurate models to predict gas flow or better study particle behavior. In addition, improved design, automation, and [artificial intelligence] could be applied to make the process more predictive and reliable.”

Morgen adds that enabling particle engineering approaches are key to advancing early-phase compounds from the preclinical stages to commercialization. “Having broad capability to do a broad range of engineering and to scale these processes is a valuable asset in partnering with drug innovators,” he emphasizes.

“In coming years, it is important that the benefits of drug products containing engineered particles which demonstrate targeted improvements in drug delivery are applied to address wider issues of improving global health care,” York concludes. “The successful technologies will be those which can operate at all scales following facile tech transfer, are inexpensive in cost and operation, are single step, green, and provide high reproducibility.”


Vol. 46, No. 11
November 2022
Pages: 24–25, 31

When referring to this article, please cite it as F. Thomas, “Putting a Spotlight on Particle Engineering,” 

Opportunities and developments in particle engineering are providing developers with the tools to advance drug candidates successfully.

Putting a Spotlight on Particle Engineering

A true political absurdity is currently impacting the United Kingdom, as the country bore witness on 20 Oct. 2022 to Liz Truss resigning her premiership after a mere 45 days in the ‘hot seat’—making her the shortest serving prime minister in UK history (1). Truss’ leadership was marred by political and economic turmoil, including a radical ‘mini budget’ that saw the sterling’s value plummet. 

But what might this unsettling political landscape do to the UK’s bio/pharmaceutical and wider life sciences industries? Well, the relationship between the country’s government and the life sciences sector has been close over the years. As a major contributor to the economic health of the UK, the sector is an important asset and, therefore, garners significant attention and support from those in parliament.

Bolstered by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the collaborative work between the UK government and the life sciences sector has resulted in some notable achievements, such as the manufacture of a successful vaccine through the country’s Vaccines Taskforce (2). However, other areas have suffered in the wake of the pandemic, namely clinical research.

According to the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) there has been a significant decline in the number of industry clinical trials initiated in the UK. “The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the decline in late-stage industry clinical research in the UK, compared to its global peers,” said Richard Torbett, chief executive of the ABPI in a press release (3). “This should ring alarm bells in the NHS [National Health Service] and in Whitehall as health leaders and policymakers look to improve patient care and deliver long-term economic growth.”

Findings from an ABPI report into the state of clinical trials in the UK has shown that consistently slow and variable set up times for clinical trials encountered in the NHS are causing some pharmaceutical companies to look elsewhere for clinical research (4). Therefore, a close relationship is needed between government and the life sciences sector now more than ever to ensure the country does not fall too far behind its global competitors.

Truss, as with her predecessor Boris Johnson, had touted support of the life sciences sector, taking to social media to voice her vision for the future: “Life sciences are at the heart of my vision to build a country fit for the future,” she tweeted (5). Industry waits with bated breath to see what the next leader might have in store for it … let’s hope they will at least last a bit longer!

1. N. Eardley, “How Big-Bang Economic Plan and Political Turmoil Sank Liz Truss,” News Article, 

, 20 Oct. 2022.
2. UK Gov, “£260 Million to Boost Healthcare Research and Manufacturing,” Press Release, 

, 2 March 2022.
3. ABPI, “NHS Patients Losing Access to Innovative Treatments as UK Industry Clinical Trials Face Collapse,” Press Release, 20 Oct. 2022.
4. ABPI, 

Rescuing Patient Access to Industry Clinical Trials in the UK

, Report, 20 Oct. 2022.
5. Liz Truss, Twitter Post @trussliz, 10 Aug. 2022.

When referring to this article, please cite it as F. Thomas, “Trial Decline,” 

Industry and the government must work closely to ensure the UK remains a competitor in the clinical research field.

Trial Decline


In this episode of the Drug Solutions podcast, Felicity Thomas, European/Senior Editor, talks to Ana Ladino, Ashland’s Global Director—Regulatory Affairs, about the role of novel excipients in drug development. Ana highlights the importance of novel excipients in the advancing drug development pipeline, gives an overview of CDER’s pilot review program, discusses potential changes to regulatory approaches in other regions, and provides an overview of best practices for companies to follow when dealing with novel excipients.

Ana L. Ladino is Ashland’s Global Director-Regulatory Affairs.

As senior leader of the regulatory affairs function, she manages strategic direction and operational oversight for the regulatory activities for all Ashland’s Life Sciences products: excipients and other oral solid dosage ingredients and coatings, injectables, nutrition, nutraceuticals, agrochemicals, and medical devices. She oversees all FDA and other global regulatory authority interactions for Ashland’s products while ensuring a high level of integrity in regulatory and quality compliance. With 25 years of experience in the healthcare industry, she has extensive experience in drugs, combination products, medical devices, excipients, and API regulatory requirements. She has been involved in industry organizations such as RAPS, IPEC, AAM, ISO, NEMA, authored many global regulatory-related papers, and presents worldwide on various regulatory topics. She served on the Healthcare Businesswomen’s Association (HBA)—West Chester Board.

Ana holds a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering and a master’s degree in biomedical engineering from Autonomous University of the West (UAO), in Cali, Colombia. In the past, she has worked for West Pharmaceuticals, Accellent, Siemens, GE Medical, and as a university professor.

 presents the Drug Solutions podcast, where the editors will chat with industry experts from across the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical supply chain. Join us as experts share insights into your biggest questions—from the technologies, to strategies, to regulations related to the development and manufacture of drug products.

Podcasts

In this episode, Ana Ladino provides expert insight into novel excipients in the current and future drug development landscape.

Drug Solutions Podcast: Novel Excipients in Drug Development

In this exclusive Drug Digest video interview, Felicity Thomas and Feliza Mirasol, 

editors, interview experts in solid dosage development and manufacturing. Alex Trombley, oral solid dosage (OSD) process specialist/business development manager of Syntegon, runs through the benefits of continuous OSD production and key considerations for containment and operator safety, while Ali Rajabi-Siahboomi, vice president and chief innovation officer, and Gary Pond, global lead, authentication, both of Colorcon, highlight the importance of authentication at the dose level.

 is Syntegon’s Business Development Manager where he is focused on technical support, customer trials, and market development for Huttlin products in North. Alex is experienced in early phase formulation development, process identification, scale-up, and technology transfer and has worked extensively with continuous manufacturing, high shear granulation, fluid bed granulation, tableting, and coating.

 is the vice president and chief innovation officer at Colorcon, based at the Global Headquarter, USA. Rajabi-Siahboomi has held various academic positions in Nottingham and Liverpool JM Universities in the UK before joining Colorcon as technical director, responsible for Europe, the Middle East, and Africa in 2000. His main research interests are solid dosage form pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical technology with emphasis on oral drug delivery systems, solubility enhancement to improve bioavailbility, and consistency of drugs and bioequivalence formulations. He has published more than 300 articles, book chapters, abstracts, and patents and obtained his B.Pharm. and PhD in pharmacy from the University of Nottingham (UK).

 is the global lead authentication for Colorcon and is responsible for leading the overall strategy, business planning, and operational execution for Colorcon’s on-dose authentication business. Pond has more than 25 years of experience in product management, marketing, operations, and digital transformation, and he is an established leader in on-dose authentication. Prior to Colorcon, Pond held marketing and operational leadership roles at Sanofi, Merck & Co, Abraxis Bioscience, and IQVIA.

This episode of Drug Digest is sponsored by:

Drug Digest is a tech talk video series with the 

 editors, who interview industry experts to discuss the emerging opportunities, obstacles, and advances in the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industry for the research, development, formulation, analysis, upstream and downstream processing, manufacturing, supply chain, and packaging of drug products.

Automating pharma and biopharma processes

Videos

Pharmaceutical Technology editors interview oral solid dosage development experts from Syntegon and Colorcon, with discussions centered on continuous OSD production, containment safety, and authentication at the dose level.