Felicity Thomas is Associate Editorial Director of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Technology Europe, BioPharm International.

Felicity Thomas

Hand shaking which print screen on wooden cube block in front of human icon for business deal and agreement concept | Image Credit: © Dilok – stock.adobe.com

Swiss biotechnology company, Roche, has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, Poseida Therapeutics. The merger agreement was announced by Roche in a Nov. 26, 2024 company press release (1).

Under the terms of the merger, Roche will gain access to Poseida’s good manufacturing practice (GMP) manufacturing capabilities and its R&D assets, in addition to the programs and pipeline products that the companies are currently collaborating on. Assets that will be incorporated fully into the Roche Group on completion of the acquisition include allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapeutic programs aimed at B-cell malignancies, hematologic malignancies, and solid tumors, among other things.

“This exciting acquisition will allow us to drive further progress in allogeneic cell therapy while leveraging the successful existing partnership with Poseida,” said Levi Garraway, head of Product Development and chief medical officer at Roche, in the press release (1). “We are very encouraged by the early clinical data, and this acquisition builds on our joint progress to catalyze the development of potentially first and best-in-class cell therapies in oncology, immunology, and neurology.”

The merger agreement between the two companies builds upon their existing strategic relationship that was initially formed in 2022 and was aimed at the development of off-the-shelf CAR-T cell therapies to address the unmet medical needs of patients with hematologic malignancies (2). Moving forward, Poseida therapeutics, Roche, and Genetech—a member of the Roche Group—will focus on delivering the next generation of off-the-shelf CAR-T cell therapies with higher potency and favorable safety at scale to be able to reach a broader patient population.

“Our interest in cell therapy is directly tied to our commitment to discovering and developing pioneering medicines with substantial patient benefit,” added Aviv Regev, head of Genentech Research & Early Development. “We are excited to bring together cutting-edge scientific approaches and expertise to tap into the full transformative potential of cell therapy.”

A tender offer will be provided by Roche to acquire all outstanding shares of Poseida Therapeutics’ common stock at a value of US $9 per share, which represents a total equity value of approximately US $1 billion. Both boards of Roche and Poseida Therapeutics have already unanimously approved the merger agreement. The transaction is expected to close during the first quarter of 2025 and is subject to the relevant closing conditions.

1. Roche. Roche Enters into a Definitive Agreement to Acquire Poseida Therapeutics, Including Cell Therapy Candidates and Related Platform Technologies. Press Release, Nov. 26, 2024.
2. Poseida Therapeutics. Poseida Therapeutics Announces Strategic Global Collaboration with Roche Focused on Allogeneic CAR-T Cell Therapies for Hematologic Malignancies. Press Release, Aug. 3, 2022.

Articles

The acquisition will provide Roche with access to Poseida’s GMP manufacturing capabilities and R&D portfolio assets, including cell therapy candidates.

Roche Enters Definitive Merger Agreement to Acquire Poseida Therapeutics

Communication between the manufacturing plant and retail stores. | Image Credit: © Cagkan - stock.adobe.com

German contract development and manufacturing organization (CDMO), Adragos Pharma, has announced its acquisition of Swiss aseptic fill/finish manufacturing company, Baccinex, in a Nov. 25, 2024 press release (1). Through the acquisition, Adragos Pharma will enhance its sterile manufacturing capabilities and expand its global network.

Baccinex has more than 20 years of experience in aseptic fill/finish services for liquid and lyophilized vials and is based in Courroux, Jura, in Switzerland. The company’s Jura facility is both European Union (EU)-good manufacturing practice (GMP) and US FDA-certified and specializes in clinical trial supplies and small-to-medium scale commercial production.

Under the acquisition agreement, Dr. Ursula Bausch, who founded Baccinex, will continue her position as CEO and she will also remain a shareholder in the company. “Joining Adragos Pharma marks a new chapter for Baccinex. Our shared commitment to quality, innovation, and customer-centric solutions creates an exciting synergy that will enable us to deliver even greater value to our clients worldwide,” Bausch said in the press release (1).

Additionally, the acquisition of Baccinex aligns with Adragos Pharma’s global expansion strategy. “The acquisition of Baccinex represents a significant milestone for Adragos. Baccinex’s proven expertise in sterile liquids and lyophilization, combined with its operational excellence, enhances our ability to provide integrated solutions from development through to commercial supply. This addition strengthens our position as a global partner of choice for high-quality pharmaceutical manufacturing,” added Dr. Andreas Raabe, founder and CEO of Adragos Pharma, in the press release (1).

Adragos Pharma has been making strides to further its global footprint with various acquisitions and, in addition to the most recent Swiss addition, has manufacturing sites located in Germany, France, Greece, Norway, and Japan.

On Nov. 7, 2024, the company announced the launch of a cutting-edge ampoule filling line at its Livron facility in France, enhancing its production capacity to over 160 million ampoules per year (2). “We recognized not only a regulatory demand in Annex 1 but also an urgent need for greater capacity, particularly for larger-volume ampoules. That’s why we installed this fourth line, allowing us to offer a capacity of over 160 million ampoules, including options up to 20 mL, tailored to serve our clients’ evolving requirements,” explained Marco Gorgas, CCO of Adragos Pharma in a press release (2).

In April 2024, Adragos Pharma also highlighted its actions to reinvest in the solid dosage market through their plans to enhance the manufacturing capacity of its Kawagoe plant in Japan to meet the anticipated demand of 2 billion tablets in the future (3). “Our business has progressed seamlessly, surpassing our initial goals. Moving into the second year and beyond, we will further enhance the manufacturing capacity of the Kawagoe plant, primarily focusing on solid formulations, to meet (growing) demands,” stated Keizo Yanagisawa, president and representative director of Adragos Pharma, in a press release (3).

1. Adragos Pharma. Adragos Pharma Acquires Baccinex—A Leading Swiss Sterile Fill-Finish Expert. Press Release, Nov. 25, 2024.Swiss Sterile Fill-Finish Expert. Press Release, Nov. 25, 2024.
2. Adragos Pharma. Project Future: We Launched Our New Production Line in Our Livron Facility! Press Release, Nov. 7, 2024.
3. Adragos Pharma. Our Strategic Expansion in Japan: Reinforcing Production to 2 Billion Tablets and Aiming to be the “Most Trusted CDMO”. Press Release, April 8, 2024.

Through this acquisition, the German CDMO expands its global network and adds aseptic fill/finish and lyophilization expertise to its sterile manufacturing capabilities.

Adragos Pharma Strengthens Sterile Manufacturing Capabilities with Baccinex Acquisition

Ask the Expert Episode 6: Non-Animal Derived Reagents

In this episode of the Ask the Expert video series, Susan J. Schniepp, distinguished fellow at Regulatory Compliance Associates, and Siegfried Schmitt, vice president, Technical at Parexel, discuss the new chapter, Chapter <86> Bacterial Endotoxins Test Using Recombinant Reagents, published by the 

United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary 

November 2024. The chapter permits the use of non-animal-derived reagents for endotoxin testing and is part of USP’s commitment to expanding the use of animal-free methods and materials (1).

“Twenty years ago, the predominant test procedure for determining endotoxin level, or pyrogen level, as we called it, was the rabbit test. And we used to actually inject rabbits, which was a very subjective because you'd measure their temperature,” says Schniepp. And then we evolved to using the limulus amoebocyte lysate or LAL test, and there was the chromogenic [test] but they were all predicated off the horseshoe crab. So now we're moving forward to reagents for this test, which is critical to the release of sterile injectables that does not involve animals. So absolutely, we should consider this.”

“I think it is also worthwhile mentioning that what is happening in the US is mirrored in other jurisdictions, for example, when you look at the European Medicines Agency [EMA], they support the use of animal free cell culture reagents as part of its efforts to reduce animal use in medicine testing,” adds Schmitt. “We don't want to use rabbits. We don't want to use horseshoe crabs, and it's EMA’s innovation task force that encourages that use of alternative methods to animal models, and that, what they say is, will improve the scientific quality and also, of course, animal welfare.”

Click the video above to watch Sue and Siegfried answer the following question:

"USP just published a new chapter on the use of non-animal derived reagents. We are not currently using non-animal derived reagents. Is this something we should consider changing?"

Chapter for Endotoxin Testing Using Non-Animal Derived Reagents Published for Early Adoption

Welcome to the Ask the Expert video series. This series is an extension of the PharmTech Group’s long-running print column in which industry experts answer common quality and regulatory questions from the industry. This new video series will expand on topic areas to include development and manufacturing concerns to help those working in the industry better understand bio/pharmaceutical requirements. Have a question you would like answered? Send it to PTProjects@mmhgroup.com, and it may appear in a future episode or print column.

Videos

In this episode of the Ask the Expert video series, Susan J. Schniepp, distinguished fellow at Regulatory Compliance Associates, and Siegfried Schmitt, vice president, Technical at Parexel, discuss the new chapter, Chapter <86> Bacterial Endotoxins Test Using Recombinant Reagents

Non-Animal-Derived Reagents for Endotoxin Testing

Eisai Europe and Biogen have received a positive opinion from the European Medicines Agency’s (EMA’s) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) for the use of their amyloid-beta (Ab) monoclonal antibody (mAb) lecanemab in treating adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (early AD). The positive opinion, announced by Eisai in a Nov. 15. 2024 press release, was primarily based on data from a global Phase III clinical trial (1).

Patients in the European Union (EU), who will be eligible for treatment once the European Commission has made its final decision on the treatment, would be those who are apolipoprotein E ε4 (ApoE ε4) non-carriers or heterozygotes with confirmed amyloid pathology. ApoE is a protein that is involved in the metabolism of fats in humans and has been identified as the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic AD and an important biomarker to determine disease susceptibility (2).

“[The] positive CHMP opinion brings us one step closer to being able to offer a potential treatment option which targets an underlying cause of AD to eligible patients in the EU for the first time,” said Gary Hendler, regional chairman and CEO, Eisai EMEA, senior vice-president and global corporate officer, Eisai Co. Ltd, Tokyo, in the press release (1). “AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that poses significant challenges to human health and wider society—the loss of someone’s memory and independence can have a significant impact on not only those living with the disease, but also their family and friends. Eisai is committed to making a meaningful difference to all those affected by AD, and we are pleased that our ongoing work with the CHMP is helping to make this available to eligible patients in the EU.”

CHMP’s opinion has been sent to the European Commission for its final review, with a decision on the marketing authorization application expected within 67 days of receipt of the opinion. Lecanemab is already approved in the United States, China, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, and Great Britain, and is under review in 17 countries.

“The positive CHMP opinion marks a significant step and recognizes the potential of this medicine to make a difference to eligible individuals and their families impacted by this disease. We look forward to the EC’s decision and are pleased to be one step closer to offering this medicine in the EU,” added Wolfram Schmidt, president, head of Europe, Biogen, in the press release (1). “As a company, we are dedicated to furthering Alzheimer’s disease research and treatment, aiming to help address the unmet needs in this devastating condition.”

Lecanemab (brand name Leqembi) is a humanized immunoglobulin gamma 1 (IgG1) mAb that selectively binds to soluble Ab aggregates (protofibrils) and insoluble Ab fibril aggregates. According to research, the reduction of Ab protofibrils has been highlighted as potentially useful in reducing the progression of AD (3).

1. Eisai. Eisai Receives Positive Opinion from the CHMP in the European Union for Lecanemab in Early Alzheimer’s Disease. Press Release, Nov. 15, 2024.
2. Pires, M.; Rego, A.C. ApoE4 and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis—Mitochondrial Deregulation and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies. 

 (1), 778.
3. Ono, K.; Tsuji, M. Protofibrils of Amyloid-b are Important Targets of a Disease-Modifying Approach for Alzheimer’s Disease. 

CHMP has granted Eisai Europe and Biogen a positive opinion for the use of their monoclonal antibody therapy in treating early Alzheimer’s disease.

EMA’s CHMP Gives Positive Opinion for Use of Lecanemab in Early Alzheimer’s Disease

Flexibility and adaptation concept. Arrows on cubes following a flexible path | Image Credit: © Cagkan - stock.adobe.com

Flexibility in pharmaceutical manufacturing is becoming an increasingly pertinent requirement. Various industry trends, such as the development of increasingly complex and novel therapies, a greater focus on orphan drug designation, and the use of more highly potent ingredients, are leading to demand for adaptable and versatile processing equipment.

“For decades, large-scale drug production was the industry standard. However, the rise of rare diseases now demands increasingly expensive medications, which, in turn, require greater research and development efforts, including innovations in machine design,” remarks Andreas Mattern, vice-president Strategy and Global Product Management Pharma at Syntegon. “For example, there is now a need for machines capable of processing small and micro batches with greater flexibility. At the same time, new drugs like anti-obesity medication are sustaining the demand for high-performance equipment that can handle large batch volumes.”

“There have been significant advances in flexible manufacturing to accommodate the rapidly changing therapeutic landscape, particularly in response to the rise of personalized medicine, biologics, gene and cell therapies, and the need for rapid responses to health crises (like the COVID-19 pandemic),” specifies Caterina Funaro, Competence Center manager at IMA Active. “These advances are helping the pharmaceutical and biotech industries adapt to smaller batch sizes, varied production processes, and the need for faster, more adaptable production cycles. Key innovations in processing equipment, facility design, and digital technologies are enabling greater flexibility in manufacturing.”

Specialized treatments are certainly driving new equipment developments, confirms Mattern, who points out that personalized therapies are becoming a focus for future treatment breakthroughs. “Many types of cancer and genetic disorders can only be treated with highly specialized drugs,” he says. “These [drugs], in turn, require production in ever smaller batch sizes.”

New therapeutic modalities, such as cell and gene therapies, require flexible equipment that can handle fast changeovers from one product batch to the next, Mattern continues. “A wide variety of products must be filled into different container sizes and types such as vials, syringes, or cartridges. Hence, it comes as no surprise that the market for ready-to-use (RTU) containers has been growing at a rapid pace over the past years,” he says.

Benefits of RTU containers include reduced time-to-market, lower cost of ownership, increased flexibility, and greater integrity of the drug product, explains Mattern. “While RTU containers have been the de-facto standard for pre-filled syringes for some time, they are now also increasingly being used for vials and cartridges in both bulk and small batch applications,” he states.

A general move away from traditional approaches to manufacturing has been trending for a while, comments Funaro. “Continuous manufacturing (CM) has gained traction as an alternative to traditional batch production,” she adds. “[CM] provides greater flexibility by allowing production to run continuously, without the need for lengthy shutdowns between batches, which is especially beneficial for both small- and large-scale manufacturing.”

“The industry has made significant progress in adopting continuous processes, which are progressively replacing traditional batch processes, particularly in the pharmaceutical, chemical, and food processing sectors,” explains Funaro. “Continuous processes offer enhanced efficiency, higher throughput, better product consistency, and improved energy use, driving their adoption across industries.”

For pharmaceuticals, manufacturers are employing continuous processes to API production, granulation, mixing, tableting, and coating, remarks Funaro. Through using continuous processes for these tasks, companies are being able to reduce lead times, improve product consistency, and facilitate any potential scale changes that may be required to meet therapeutic demand, such as increased production of vaccines or biologics, she confirms.

Within the oral solid dosage (OSD) space, CM has been trending for a few years, Mattern adds. “Higher flexibility, shorter development times with minimum API usage, and a direct transfer from development to production without scale-up are among the primary requirements of pharmaceutical manufacturers,” he says. “The main challenge with traditional solutions is the precise dosing of the starting materials in a constant mass flow rate of milligrams per second.” However, as the pharmaceutical industry is highly regulated, adopting newer processes can take time, Mattern specifies.

“FDA has endorsed continuous processes, recognizing their potential for faster production and more consistent product quality,” asserts Funaro. “As a result, manufacturers are investing in equipment such as continuous coaters and continuous mixers.”

Additionally, while investment in continuous processes grows, advances are also being seen in real-time data monitoring tools, which are vital in helping to control variables in CM, such as temperature, pressure, and product quality, continues Funaro. “Real-time analytics are increasingly being integrated with machine learning (ML) algorithms to allow for self-regulating systems that automatically adjust process parameters to maintain optimal efficiency and output quality,” she says.

“The shift from batch to continuous processes is well underway, but ongoing advances in processing equipment will further accelerate the transition,” asserts Funaro. “As technologies such as real-time monitoring, modular designs, AI [artificial intelligence] integration, and energy-efficient systems mature, industries will be able to harness the full potential of continuous processes, resulting in lower costs, higher productivity, and improved sustainability.”

“Automation is playing an increasingly critical role in processing equipment across industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, chemicals, and biotechnology,” explains Funaro. “The current trends in automation are transforming manufacturing processes by enhancing productivity, improving consistency, ensuring quality, and reducing human error.”

Through the use of automation, manufacturers can achieve a multitude of benefits. For example, Funaro points out that automated material handling, packaging, and processing reduces human intervention and speeds up cycle times. Additionally, she alludes to the fact that automation reduces variability in production processes, which ensures consistent quality.

For Funaro, the use of digital twins, which are virtual replicas of physical processes or equipment, will become more widespread within industry over time. “Digital twins allow manufacturers to simulate process changes, predict how equipment will behave under different conditions, and optimize production before making physical adjustments,” she says.

“Predictive maintenance is becoming a standard practice, leveraging AI, IoT [Internet of Things], and analytics to predict when equipment will fail, and schedule maintenance before a breakdown occurs. This reduces unplanned downtime and extends the lifespan of processing equipment,” adds Funaro. “As predictive maintenance becomes more advanced, it will shift toward prescriptive maintenance, where AI not only predicts failures but also suggests the optimal maintenance actions to take, further minimizing disruption and cost.”

While digitalization is producing large amounts of data in production every day, it will mean nothing if it cannot be viewed or used, Mattern warns. “New cloud-based software solutions, such as Synexio from Syntegon, provide a remedy by enabling the acquisition, evaluation, and visualization of equipment and production data,” he says. “[These solutions] allow for real-time monitoring of machine conditions, helping manufacturers make data-based decisions and optimize operations.”

“In sectors like pharmaceuticals, where regulatory compliance and precision are critical, automation ensures that products meet exacting standards,” continues Funaro. “Automated quality control systems, including automated visual inspection and process analytical technology (PAT), are reducing the risk of human error and ensuring that processes stay within defined limits.”

Reducing human intervention in processes is particularly helpful in high-risk environments, such as dealing with hazardous chemicals or highly potent ingredients, asserts Funaro.

“The use of robotics is taking the industry a huge step further towards even higher product protection and quality, as it eliminates the main cause for contamination (i.e., human intervention),” Mattern remarks. “This is further fueled by [the European Union’s] Annex 1 [guidance].”

In August 2023, the updated EU good manufacturing practice (GMP) Annex 1 guidance (1) came into operation (except for point 8.123), which has profound implications for sterile manufacturing across the global pharmaceutical sector, Mattern specifies. “One of the key challenges presented by the new Annex 1 is the requirement to separate the aseptic processing area from the operator’s environment. As a result, pharmaceutical manufacturers now need at least restricted access barrier systems (RABS) to gain approval for new products,” he says.

After the updated guidance was published, industry saw a surge in upgrades to existing cleanroom lines to incorporate RABS, Mattern notes. “Manufacturers must choose whether to upgrade their current cleanroom line for a new product or invest in new filling equipment with isolator technology or RABS,” he specifies.

“It is expected that isolator technology will become the new standard, given the added safety provided by automatic bio-decontamination processes and the pressure differential from the operator environment,” Mattern notes. “[Whereas], RABS will likely remain a preferred option for more frequent product changes and experienced operators.”

The second chapter of the revised Annex 1 guidance places a focus on automation and robotic systems, highlighting these as “Appropriate Technologies” (1), Mattern reveals. “These technologies aim to reduce, or even eliminate, the need for gloves and human intervention in barrier systems,” he says.

“Gloves pose several challenges, which are addressed in dedicated paragraphs of the [Annex 1] document,” Mattern continues. “For instance, during longer production campaigns, [gloves] must be tested in operation—a process that is difficult to achieve with current glove testing equipment without compromising the sterile environment. The shift toward gloveless systems, utilizing robotics for these tasks, is viewed as the ideal solution.”

There are several potential future trends that are set to impact processing equipment and pharmaceutical manufacturing in general, asserts
Funaro. “These trends are being driven by technological innovation, sustainability goals, and the need for enhanced efficiency, safety, and compliance,” she says.

Notably, automation and Industry 4.0 are set to shape the future, explains Funaro. For example, employing predictive maintenance to anticipate equipment failures before they happen, utilizing AI and robotics for fully autonomous processing systems, integrating advanced sensors and machine vision systems for greater precision and control, and analyzing vast amounts of data with ML and AI, she summarizes

“Future equipment will increasingly incorporate self-learning systems that can adjust their operation based on past performance data. This will enable greater flexibility and adaptability in production lines, particularly in industries that need to switch between different products or processes frequently,” says Funaro. “As demand for customization and flexibility grows, processing equipment will increasingly be designed with modularity in mind.”

“A persistent concern within the pharmaceutical industry and its suppliers is the need for more sustainable equipment and processes. Unfortunately, resource consumption in the sector continues to surpass that of many other industries,” stresses Mattern. “In response, drug manufacturers are intensifying efforts to reduce their carbon footprint, with the support of manufacturing companies offering services such as lifecycle assessments for their equipment.”

Adoption of more energy-efficient equipment and an overall reduction of environmental footprint is becoming a greater focus for manufacturers, confirms Funaro. “Recyclable and reusable components in machinery, as well as the use of environmentally friendly materials, are becoming more widespread,” she says.

“Given its longevity, equipment usually contributes to overall emissions over several decades,” remarks Mattern. “By continuously optimizing their machines and developing new, more energy-efficient solutions, equipment providers can help pharmaceutical manufacturing companies achieve their sustainability goals.”

“These future advances will fundamentally change how industries approach processing equipment, offering greater flexibility, efficiency, and sustainability while adapting to the needs of a rapidly evolving marketplace,” concludes Funaro.

1. EC. Annex 1 Manufacture of Sterile Medicinal Products. 

Felicity Thomas is associate editorial director for 

®
Vol. 48, No. 11
November 2024
Pages: 9–11

When referring to this article, please cite it as Thomas, F. Increasing Processing Flexibility to Meet Demand. 

Evolving industry demands are driving the need for greater flexibility and innovation in processing equipment for pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Increasing Processing Flexibility to Meet Demand

CPHI Milan 2024: Highlighting the Benefits of Integrated Services

When outsourced services are required, bio/pharmaceutical companies can take a more traditional approach, whereby they split their program up and use one or more contract development and manufacturing organizations (CDMOs) in addition to a separate contract research organization (CRO), or they can choose an integrated model. “[The term] ‘integrated services’ has multiple meanings,” specifies Kevin Li, MBA, chief marketing officer at BioDuro-Sundia.

Integrated services can be viewed as horizontal, in that a partner would provide services covering discovery to development and commercial manufacturing, Li notes. If you then look vertically, it is possible to also integrate the medicinal chemistry, biology, and drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics into the discovery phase and through development, he adds. “One side can handle both drug substance and drug product, and one side can handle the pre-formulation, formulation development, until commercial manufacturing, everything in one side,” Li says, “so that integrated solution can really help customers to accelerate their innovation through multiple benefits.”

Benefits of using an integrated solution include the convenience of material transfer among different teams, the information sharing, and the quality system, which can help to speed up the program timescale, Li explains. “One of the biggest benefits is [that it is] very simple to manage the vendors, because it's very difficult and time consuming to manage multiple vendors, and if you do integrate the program with one vendor through our integrated or dedicated project manager, that's much easier, simpler to manage the process to avoid any potential interruptions.”

Click above to listen to the full interview captured on the show floor at CPHI Milan

BioDuro-Sundia exhibited at CPHI Milan, which took place on Oct. 8–10, 2024.

Kevin Li, MBA, chief marketing officer at BioDuro-Sundia.

Kevin Li, MBA, is the chief marketing officer at BioDuro-Sundia, and has more than 15 years of industry experience. Prior to working at BioDuro-Sundia, Kevin led the global marketing and public relations teams across the US and China for the WuXi Chemistry division at WuXi AppTec. Additionally, Kevin led the global marketing efforts for the Oral Dose, Rx, and OTC Softgel business units at Catalent Pharma Solutions. Earlier still, Kevin worked in marketing for ConvaTec and Becton, Dickinson and Company, and held scientist roles at Pfizer (Hospira) and Abbott (AbbVie). Kevin studied chemistry at Northwestern University and business administration at Duke University.

Pharmaceutical Technology Europe chats with Kevin Li, MBA, from BioDuro-Sundia about integrated services and the benefits these services can provide to pharma companies.